psychological features of takotsubo cardiomyopathy: report of four cases

takotsubo or stress-induced cardiomyopathy is a cardiomyopathy in which the patient has a sudden onset, reversible left ventricular systolic dysfunction without any significant coronary artery disease. four women, who were at a mean age of 64 years and suffered from chest pain exacerbated by emotional stress, were admitted as cases of acute coronary syndrome and were completely evaluated through precise history taking, physical examination, and ecg. coronary angiography or coronary multidetector computed tomography was used to exclude significant coronary artery disease. in these patients with confirmed takotsubo cardiomyopathy, in addition to the diagnostic and statistical manual of the american psychiatric association (dsm-iv) criteria, a 71-item form of the minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (mmpi)-mini-mult-was employed for psychological assessment. the main common elevated scale was hypochondriasis. individuals with high scores on this scale are obsessed with themselves, especially in regard to their body, and often use their disease symptoms in order to manipulate others. they are mainly passive aggressive, critical, and demanding, which stems from their lack of effective verbal abilities as a means of communication, specifically when it comes to anger or hostility expression. to the best of our knowledge, there is no available study evaluating patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy using the mini-mult questionnaire for psychological assessment.